Efficient use of resources underpins long-term sustainability, making this pillar essential in a context of rapid urbanisation. Green City Kigali envisions land use optimised through high-density development, ensuring maximum utility of limited land. The adoption of circular economies—with strategies for reuse, recycling, and creative adaptation—minimises waste and reduces demand for new raw materials. The city will also prioritise preservation and efficient use of natural resources, supported by renewable energy systems that are both grid-connected and on-site. Other solutions include sustainable public transport, greywater and rainwater recycling, and integration of smart cities technologies to enhance performance and efficiency. Collectively, these strategies reduce environmental impact while supporting efficient urban growth.